When parents separate or get divorced, one of the most important and emotionally challenging aspects to resolve is determining the schedule for each parent’s time spent with the children. In Missouri, this is referred to as “parenting time”, and creating a fair, consistent, and practical schedule is essential for the well-being of children.

At Columbia Family Law Group, LLC, we recognize that every family has unique circumstances, and we strive to work with parents to create parenting plans that prioritize the best interests of children while also protecting the rights of our clients. Our goal is to help families navigate this difficult process in a way that benefits all parties involved and ensures a positive outcome for the children.

Missouri’s Legal Framework for Parenting Time

Missouri no longer uses the terms “custody” and “visitation”. Instead, the law now refers to “legal custody” (decision-making authority) and “physical custody” (where the child resides) under Section 452.375 of the Missouri Revised Statutes. Parenting time – formerly called visitation – is now part of a comprehensive parenting plan that must be submitted in every case involving minor children.

The court assumes that frequent, ongoing and meaningful contact with both parents is in the best interest of a child, unless there is evidence to the contrary (e.g., domestic violence, substance abuse or neglect).

Common Parenting Time Schedule Options

There is no one-size-fits-all approach to parenting. The best schedule will depend on your child’s age, your family’s circumstances, and the relationship between co-parents. Here are some of the most common arrangements used in Missouri:

The Every-Other-Weekend Schedule

This is a traditional arrangement that is often used when one parent, often referred to as the “custodial parent”, has custody of the child during the week, and the other parent has time with the child on alternating weekends, from Friday evening to Sunday evening. This model often includes a mid-week visit, such as an overnight stay or dinner visit, in order to maintain a consistent connection between the parents and the child. While this schedule can provide stability, it may require careful planning in order to ensure that the non-custodial parent has significant and extended involvement in the child’s life.

The 2-2-3 Schedule

In this rotating schedule, each parent cares for the children for two days, followed by the other parent for another two days, and then it switches again. This option is popular with younger children, as it provides them with frequent contact with both parents. While this can prevent long periods without a parent, it requires a high level of communication and cooperation between adults to manage the frequent exchanges.

The 3-4-4-3 Schedule

This schedule offers more consistency than the 2-2-3 schedule. One parent will have children for three days (for example, Monday-Wednesday), and the other parent will have them for four days (Thursday-Sunday). Then the schedule alternates each week. This means that each parent has two three-day and two four-day periods each month, creating longer, more significant blocks of time for each parent. This can be helpful for school-aged children’s routines.

The Every-Other-Week Schedule

In this 50/50 time-sharing model, the child spends one full week with one parent and the next full week with the other. This helps to minimize transitions and can be less disruptive for the child, as they can settle into a routine at each home. This arrangement is generally best for parents who live relatively close to each other and the child’s school, and who are able to work effectively together.

Key Considerations When Choosing a Schedule

Missouri courts evaluate parenting plans based on the statutory factors listed in Section 452.375.2, including:

• The child’s relationship with each parent
• Each parent’s willingness to support the child’s relationship with the other parent
• The child’s adjustment to home, school, and community 
• The mental and physical well-being of all parties involved
• History of domestic violence or abuse

Additionally, for children aged 12 or over, the court may take into account the child’s reasonable preferences, although they are not binding. Geographical distance also plays a role. If one parent relocates more than 50 miles away, Missouri’s relocation laws (Section 452.377) require advance notice and may lead to modifications in the parenting arrangement.

Creating a Parenting Plan That Works

Missouri requires parents to submit a parenting plan, either jointly or separately. If parents are unable to agree, the court will create a plan after considering all relevant factors. A well-crafted plan should include:

• Regular parenting time
• Holidays and vacations
• Transportation arrangements
• Communication methods (phone/video calls)
• Dispute resolution processes

At Columbia Family Law Group, LLC, we work with clients to create practical and child-centered parenting plans or to vigorously advocate for them in court if necessary. Our aim is to minimize conflict and protect both your parental rights and the emotional well-being of your child.

Let Us Help You Build a Stable Future for Your Family

Whether you’re negotiating a parenting schedule during a divorce or seeking to modify an existing plan, it’s essential to have experienced legal guidance. Columbia Family Law Group, LLC has over 35 years of experience in the Columbia area and understands the nuances of Missouri family law. They understand the real-life impact of parenting decisions and can help you navigate the complexities of the process.

Contact us today for a consultation to discuss how we can help you create a parenting plan that takes into account your role as a parent and the best interests of your child, both now and in the future.